During interphase, our cells seemingly idle in the cell cycle harbor significant activity: DNA replication. This process ensures each new cell receives identical genetic information.
**Key Points:**
- DNA Duplication: A crucial mystery is how one DNA molecule generates two identical copies during interphase. Nobel laureate James Watson described this as a "small change [that] can result in a large change in the function of the gene."
- Replication Forks: Replication forks facilitate this process, functioning like efficient librarians duplicating books along the DNA strands.
- SOS Response: In stressful conditions, such as hindered replication, bacteria employ an SOS response to ensure essential genes are expressed, allowing continued reproduction.
- Proteins: Proteins including helicases, primers, and polymerases play essential roles in this process. MIT professor Eric Lander emphasized the significance of understanding DNA replication for grasping life itself.
- Interphase’s Complexity: Interphase is a stage of intrigue and complexity in the cell cycle. Unraveling its mysteries enhances our appreciation for life’s machinery.
**FAQ:**
- What happens during interphase?
Answer: The cell prepares for mitosis or meiosis by replicating DNA and growing in size. - How does DNA replication occur?
Answer: Through unwinding the double helix, creating a primer, and synthesizing new strands via various enzymes.
